Information and Policies
Introduction
The environmental studies major provides an interdisciplinary approach to learning how to move toward a more sustainable future for human and ecological systems. Courses in environmental studies provide training not only in the physical, biological, and social sciences, but also in writing, critical thinking, quantitative analysis, project and team management, and more. Most students extend their learning outside the classroom through the departmental internship program.
The major is available either without a concentration or in conjunction with one of three more specialized concentrations that provide depth in particular areas of expertise. See the Undergraduate Program page for a description of each of the concentrations offered.
Program Learning Outcomes
Students graduating with a B.A. degree in environmental studies will be able to:
- Identify the societal (social, political, economic and ethical) agents and structures that contribute to environmental change. (social science competency)
- Describe the structure and functioning of major physical and ecological components of the earth’s systems. (natural science competency)
- Access and analyze a complex literature addressing specific topics in environmental studies, and evaluate the usefulness and limitations of individual sources of information. (analytic thinking)
- Demonstrate effective oral and written communication skills. (communication skills).
Academic Advising for the Program
Advising is one way to make the most of your university experience. Ask questions, seek advice, and make decisions that work best for you.
To receive advising for this major, contact envsadvi@ucsc.edu. Additional information for prospective transfer students can be found in the Transfer Information and Policy section.
Getting Started in the Major: Frosh
This is a course-intensive and/or sequential program, and students who intend to pursue this major must begin taking classes for the major in their first year at UC Santa Cruz. Math placement is required for one or more of the foundational courses for this major. For more information, please review the Math Placement website. Language placement is not required for the major.
Transfer Information and Policy
Transfer Admission Screening Policy
Students who apply for transfer admission to the major are required to have taken the equivalents of the following courses with a C grade (2.0) or better by the end of the spring term for students planning to enter in the fall.
One of the following:
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
Plus one of the following:
| AM 3 | Precalculus for the Social Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 3 | Precalculus | 5 |
| AM 11A | Mathematical Methods for Economists I | 5 |
| MATH 11A | Calculus with Applications | 5 |
| MATH 16A | Mathematics for Life Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 19A | Calculus for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics | 5 |
Recommended Courses
In addition, the following courses are recommended prior to transfer to ensure timely graduation.
One of these courses:
Plus one of these:
ENVS 25
or
A course in national or international politics and a course in macroeconomics or microeconomics
Plus both of these courses:
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| ANTH 2 | Introduction to Cultural Anthropology | 5 |
| ENVS 26 | Culture and the Environment | 5 |
| SOCY 1 | Introduction to Sociology | 5 |
| SOCY 10 | Issues and Problems in American Society | 5 |
| SOCY 15 | World Society | 5 |
General Education Courses (GEs)
Prospective students are also encouraged to complete the California General Education Transfer Curriculum (Cal-GETC) or to complete all UC Santa Cruz general education requirements before matriculation.
Getting Started in the Major: Transfer Students
Transfer students pursuing environmental studies majors are encouraged to transfer in the fall quarter.
Transfer students should complete as many lower-division requirements as possible before transferring. All remaining lower-division requirements should be completed in enroll in summer, fall, and winter of their first year in order to take ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L in winter or spring quarter of their first year. Transfer students can formally declare their major once qualification courses are successfully completed, following the declaration steps on the ENVS department website.
ENVS 25 and ENVS 23 are usually offered during Summer Session at UC Santa Cruz, and transfer students are encouraged to take these classes if they have not yet completed a substitute requirement or if they want a better understanding of the relevant material. If you are transferring, compare catalog descriptions, consult your current institution's advisor, and refer to the ASSIST website to determine equivalency.
Students who are proposed in a different major and have advanced standing when they come to UCSC require permission from the department to change into the major. Contact envsadvi@ucsc.edu to request permission.
Major Qualification Policy and Declaration Process
Major Qualification
To qualify for the environmental studies major, students must complete the specific courses listed below, or their approved equivalents. Some courses may be satisfied via exam credit.
For transfer requirements see Transfer Admission Screening Requirements. Transfer students must have ENVS major listed on their application in order to pursue the major, unless approved by appeal. If a student has questions about the appeals process, they should contact envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
One of the following:
| | Either this course | |
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 3B | General Chemistry | 7 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4AL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
| CHEM 4B | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4BL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
CHEM 3B taken fall 2026 or later will satisfy this requirement as it is inclusive of lab curriculum. If taken prior to fall 2026, students must also have completed CHEM 3BL.
Plus one of the following:
Plus this course:
| ENVS 25 | Environmental Politics, Economics and Justice | 5 |
Plus one of these statistics series:
| | Either these courses | |
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
| | or these courses | |
| STAT 17 | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics | 5 |
| STAT 17L | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics Laboratory | 2 |
Determining Qualification
-
Students who complete all the qualification courses with a grade of P, or letter grade of C or better are qualified to declare the major.
-
Students who have received one grade of NP, C-, D+, D, D-, or F in one of the qualification courses taken at UC Santa Cruz will only be qualified to declare the major after successfully completing the same or an equivalent course with a grade of P, or letter grade of C or better.
-
Students with two or more grades of NP, C-, D+, D, D-, or F in the qualification courses taken at UC Santa Cruz are not qualified to declare the major. See appeal process below.
-
Students with AP credit (score of 3 or higher) for any of the qualification course(s) are qualified to declare after successfully completing the remaining qualification courses.
Appeal Process
Students who are not qualified to declare the major may appeal this decision by submitting an appeal to qualify for the major within 15 days of the denial of the declaration. Within 15 days of receipt of the appeal, the department will notify the student and college of the decision. If a student has questions about the appeals process, they should contact envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
How to Declare this Major
Petition to declare your major as soon as you have met qualification requirements and/or reach your declaration deadline quarter, whichever comes first.
Students wishing to declare within the Environmental Studies Department should visit the Environmental Studies Department website and follow the declaration steps.
Letter Grade Policy
This program does not have a letter grade policy, except that the course(s) taken to fulfill the senior comprehensive requirement must be taken for a letter grade.
Course Substitution Policy
Students in the Environmental Studies B.A. may petition to substitute courses taken outside of ENVS and/or UC Santa Cruz such as: other institutions, other departments, other programs including Educational Abroad Program (EAP), Wildlands Studies, or the Sierra Institute. Please review the petitioning process here.
Study Abroad
Students in environmental studies are encouraged to participate in Study Abroad programs and other off-campus programs. Students who are interested in these programs shall note the following policies:
- Students who are planning to take part in Study Abroad programs must be declared in their major prior to studying abroad.
- Students must have their courses they plan to take abroad reviewed and approved by Environmental Studies Advising.
- Single environmental studies majors may petition to substitute up to two courses taken abroad to count toward the environmental studies upper-division electives. Please review the petitioning process here prior to your EAP program.
- For more information on EAP, please visit the UC Education Abroad Program website.
Honors
Departmental Honors. Students must have a 3.5 grade point average (GPA) in all courses used to satisfy the environmental studies upper-division requirements. To be considered for departmental honors, students are limited to no more than one grade of P in those upper-division courses.
Senior Comprehensive Honors. Honors must be nominated by the student’s faculty sponsor, and a second faculty member must concur.
Highest Departmental Honors. Students must have a 3.75 grade point average (GPA) in in all courses used to satisfy the environmental studies upper-division requirements and must also receive senior comprehensive honors (see above). To be considered for highest departmental honors, students are limited to no more than one grade of P in those upper-division courses.
General Major
Course Requirements
Continuing students must complete all lower-division course requirements before taking ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L. Some courses may be satisfied via exam credit.
Lower-Division Courses
One of the following options:
| | Either this course | |
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 3B | General Chemistry | 7 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4AL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
| CHEM 4B | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4BL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
CHEM 3B taken fall 2026 or later will satisfy this requirement as it is inclusive of lab curriculum. If taken prior to fall 2026, students must also have completed CHEM 3BL.
Plus one of the following courses:
Plus the following course:
| ENVS 25 | Environmental Politics, Economics and Justice | 5 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| AM 3 | Precalculus for the Social Sciences | 5 |
| AM 11A | Mathematical Methods for Economists I | 5 |
| AM 11B | Mathematical Methods for Economists II | 5 |
| MATH 3 | Precalculus | 5 |
| MATH 11A | Calculus with Applications | 5 |
| MATH 16A | Mathematics for Life Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 19A | Calculus for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics | 5 |
May also be satisfied with a score of 3 or higher on the AP Calculus exam or a score of 300 or higher on the ALEKS Math Placement Exam.
Plus one of these statistics series:
| | Either these courses | |
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
| | or these courses | |
| STAT 17 | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics | 5 |
| STAT 17L | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics Laboratory | 2 |
Plus one of the following:
| ANTH 2 | Introduction to Cultural Anthropology | 5 |
| ENVS 26 | Culture and the Environment | 5 |
| SOCY 1 | Introduction to Sociology | 5 |
| SOCY 10 | Issues and Problems in American Society | 5 |
| SOCY 15 | World Society | 5 |
Upper-Division Courses
Students are required to complete the following upper-division courses:
ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L are offered twice yearly, during the winter and spring quarters.
Electives
Students take seven, 5-credit or more upper-division electives from ENVS 101-179, ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195A. Students cannot take both ENVS 183A and ENVS 195A. Lecture/lLab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture. Among those seven courses:
- At least one course must be from the list below of courses based in the natural sciences
- At least one course must be from the list below of courses based in the social sciences
A list of all courses offered by the Environmental Studies Department is available in the courses section of the catalog. A list of which upper-division courses offered in the current year by the Environmental Studies Department are based in the natural sciences and which in the social sciences is available on the department website.
Environmental studies electives based in natural sciences:
Lecture/Lab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture.
| ENVS 104A | Introduction to Environmental Field Methods | 2 |
| ENVS 104L | Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 106A | Natural History of Birds | 5 |
| ENVS 107A | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Plants and the Physical Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 107B | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife | 5 |
| ENVS 107C | Natural History Field Quarter: Perspectives on CA Ecosystem Management | 5 |
| ENVS 108 | General Entomology | 5 |
| ENVS 108L | General Entomology Laboratory | 3 |
| BIOE 151A | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods | 5 |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| BIOE 151C | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Functions and Processes of Terrestrial Ecosystems | 5 |
| BIOE 151D | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Conservation in Practice | 5 |
| ENVS 120 | Conservation Biology | 5 |
| ENVS 122 | Tropical Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 123 | Animal Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 130A | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 130L | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 130C | Field Experiences in Agroecology and Sustainable Food | 5 |
| ENVS 131 | Insect Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 133 | Agroecology Practicum | 5 |
| ENVS 135 | Sustainable Aquaculture | 5 |
| ENVS 142 | Sustainable Energy | 5 |
| ENVS 160 | Restoration Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 161A | Soils as Living Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 162 | Plant Physiological Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 162L | Plant Physiological Ecology Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 163 | Plant Disease Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 163L | Plant Disease Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 164 | Projects and Practices in Soil Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 166 | Agroecosystem Analysis and Watershed Management | 5 |
| ENVS 167 | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 167L | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 168 | Biogeochemistry and the Global Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 169 | Climate Change Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 170 | Agriculture and Climate Change | 5 |
Environmental studies electives based in the social sciences:
| ENVS 110 | Institutions, the Environment, and Economic Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 130B
/LGST 130B
| Justice and Sustainability in Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 140
/LGST 140E
| National Environmental Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 141 | Ecological Economics | 5 |
| ENVS 143 | The Future of Sustainable Development | 5 |
| ENVS 144
/POLI 179
| Global Climate Change Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 145 | Green Cities | 5 |
| ENVS 147 | Global Environmental Justice | 5 |
| ENVS 149
/LGST 149
| Environmental Law and Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 150
/LGST 150A
| Coastal and Marine Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 151
/LGST 151A
| Environmental Assessment | 5 |
| ENVS 152
/POLI 170
| International Environmental Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 154 | Amazonian Cultures and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 158 | Political Ecology and Social Change | 5 |
| ENVS 165
/LGST 165A
| Sustainable Water Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 172 | Environmental Risks and Public Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 173 | An Introduction to World Environmental History | 5 |
| ENVS 174 | Gender and the Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 176 | Vulnerability, Complex Systems, and Disasters | 5 |
| ENVS 178 | Race and the Environment | 5 |
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. A primary goal of the environmental studies major is to train students who are able to critically analyze interdisciplinary environmental problems, justify their position on an issue, and communicate that position to a range of audiences verbally and in writing.
The DC requirement in environmental studies is satisfied by completing
Plus one of the following:
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 190 | Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| ENVS 196 | Senior Seminar | 5 |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
ENVS 183B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 195A.
NRS/ENVS 188 or NRS/BIOL 188 (California Ecology and Conservation course), taken spring 2023 or later, will satisfy 1/2 DC credit. For more information about this course contact an ENVS undergraduate advisor or email envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
Comprehensive Requirement
The senior comprehensive may be satisfied by completing one of the options listed below. All courses used to satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement must be taken for a letter grade.
Before enrolling in the senior thesis or senior internship option, students must formally apply to work with a particular faculty mentor very early in their thesis or project preparation. The senior thesis and senior internship option require careful planning, additional independent research, and at least a two-quarter commitment.
Students with advanced skills in one of the graduate focal areas may also take a graduate seminar by invitation from the instructor.
| | Either this course | |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 183A | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 190 | Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 195A | Senior Research | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196 | Senior Seminar | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
ENVS 190 is offered in the spring and summer.
Planners
Academic Planners for this and all majors can be found at programmaps.ucsc.edu.
Geographic Information Systems Concentration
Course Requirements
Continuing students must complete all lower-division courses before taking ENVS 100 andENVS 100L. Some courses may be satisfied via exam credit.
Lower-Division Courses
One of the following courses:
| | Either this course | |
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 3B | General Chemistry | 7 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4AL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
| CHEM 4B | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4BL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
CHEM 3B taken fall 2026 or later will satisfy this requirement as it is inclusive of lab curriculum. If taken prior to fall 2026, students must also have completed CHEM 3BL.
Plus one of the following courses:
Plus the following course:
| ENVS 25 | Environmental Politics, Economics and Justice | 5 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| AM 3 | Precalculus for the Social Sciences | 5 |
| AM 11A | Mathematical Methods for Economists I | 5 |
| AM 11B | Mathematical Methods for Economists II | 5 |
| MATH 3 | Precalculus | 5 |
| MATH 11A | Calculus with Applications | 5 |
| MATH 16A | Mathematics for Life Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 19A | Calculus for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics | 5 |
May also be satisfied with a score of 3 or higher on the AP Calculus exam or a score of 300 or higher on the ALEKS Math Placement Exam.
Plus one of the following statistics series:
| | Either these courses | |
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
| | or these courses | |
| STAT 17 | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics | 5 |
| STAT 17L | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics Laboratory | 2 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| ANTH 2 | Introduction to Cultural Anthropology | 5 |
| ENVS 26 | Culture and the Environment | 5 |
| SOCY 1 | Introduction to Sociology | 5 |
| SOCY 10 | Issues and Problems in American Society | 5 |
| SOCY 15 | World Society | 5 |
Upper-Division Courses
Students are required to complete the following upper-division courses:
All of the following
ENVS 100 and 100L are offered twice yearly during the winter and spring quarters.
Plus all of the following:
| ENVS 115A | Geographic Information Systems and Environmental Applications | 5 |
| ENVS 115L | Exercises in Geographic Information Systems | 2 |
| ENVS 115B | Intermediate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
| ENVS 115C | Advanced Geographic Information Systems | 5 |
Electives
Students take four, 5-credit or more upper-division electives from ENVS 101-179, ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195A. Students cannot take both ENVS 183A and ENVS 195A. Lecture/lab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture. Among those seven courses:
- At least one course must be from the list below of courses based in the natural sciences
- At least one course must be from the list below of courses based in the social sciences
A list of all courses offered by the Environmental Studies Department is available in the courses section of the catalog. A list of which upper-division courses offered in the current year by the Environmental Studies Department are based in the natural sciences and which in the social sciences is available on the department website.
In addition to coursework, it is strongly recommended that students complete at least one internship related to GIS applications environmental problem-solving (either upper- or lower-division).
Environmental studies electives based on natural sciences:
Lecture/Lab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture.
| ENVS 104A | Introduction to Environmental Field Methods | 2 |
| ENVS 104L | Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 106A | Natural History of Birds | 5 |
| ENVS 107A | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Plants and the Physical Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 107B | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife | 5 |
| ENVS 107C | Natural History Field Quarter: Perspectives on CA Ecosystem Management | 5 |
| ENVS 108 | General Entomology | 5 |
| ENVS 108L | General Entomology Laboratory | 3 |
| BIOE 151A | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods | 5 |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| BIOE 151C | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Functions and Processes of Terrestrial Ecosystems | 5 |
| BIOE 151D | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Conservation in Practice | 5 |
| ENVS 120 | Conservation Biology | 5 |
| ENVS 122 | Tropical Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 123 | Animal Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 130A | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 130L | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 130C | Field Experiences in Agroecology and Sustainable Food | 5 |
| ENVS 131 | Insect Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 133 | Agroecology Practicum | 5 |
| ENVS 135 | Sustainable Aquaculture | 5 |
| ENVS 142 | Sustainable Energy | 5 |
| ENVS 160 | Restoration Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 161A | Soils as Living Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 162 | Plant Physiological Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 162L | Plant Physiological Ecology Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 163 | Plant Disease Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 163L | Plant Disease Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 164 | Projects and Practices in Soil Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 166 | Agroecosystem Analysis and Watershed Management | 5 |
| ENVS 167 | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 167L | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 168 | Biogeochemistry and the Global Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 169 | Climate Change Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 170 | Agriculture and Climate Change | 5 |
Environmental studies electives based on the social sciences:
| ENVS 110 | Institutions, the Environment, and Economic Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 130B
/LGST 130B
| Justice and Sustainability in Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 140
/LGST 140E
| National Environmental Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 141 | Ecological Economics | 5 |
| ENVS 143 | The Future of Sustainable Development | 5 |
| ENVS 144
/POLI 179
| Global Climate Change Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 145 | Green Cities | 5 |
| ENVS 147 | Global Environmental Justice | 5 |
| ENVS 149
/LGST 149
| Environmental Law and Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 150
/LGST 150A
| Coastal and Marine Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 151
/LGST 151A
| Environmental Assessment | 5 |
| ENVS 152
/POLI 170
| International Environmental Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 154 | Amazonian Cultures and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 158 | Political Ecology and Social Change | 5 |
| ENVS 165
/LGST 165A
| Sustainable Water Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 172 | Environmental Risks and Public Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 173 | An Introduction to World Environmental History | 5 |
| ENVS 174 | Gender and the Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 176 | Vulnerability, Complex Systems, and Disasters | 5 |
| ENVS 178 | Race and the Environment | 5 |
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. A primary goal of the environmental studies major is to train students who are able to critically analyze interdisciplinary environmental problems, justify their position on an issue, and communicate that position to a range of audiences verbally and in writing.
The DC requirement in environmental studies is satisfied by completing
Plus one of the following:
ENVS 183B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 195A.
NRS/ENVS 188 or NRS/BIOL 188 (California Ecology and Conservation course), taken spring 2023 or later, will satisfy 1/2 DC credit. For more information about this course contact an ENVS undergraduate advisor or email envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
Comprehensive Requirement
The senior comprehensive may be satisfied by completing one of the options listed below. All courses used to satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement must be taken for a letter grade. The topic engaged in the senior comprehensive courses must be relevant to the field of Geographic Information Systems. The relevance of the topic will be reviewed by the instructor of the senior comprehensive course.
Before enrolling in the senior thesis or senior internship option, students must formally apply to work with a particular faculty mentor very early in their thesis or project preparation. The senior thesis and senior internship options require careful planning, additional independent research, and at least a two-quarter commitment.
| | Either these courses | |
| ENVS 183A | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 195A | Senior Research | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
Planners
Academic Planners for this and all majors can be found at programmaps.ucsc.edu.
Global Environmental Justice Concentration
Course Requirements
Continuing students must complete all lower-division courses before taking ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L. Some courses may be satisfied via exam credit.
Lower-Division Courses
One of the following:
| | Either this course | |
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 3B | General Chemistry | 7 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4AL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
| CHEM 4B | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4BL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
CHEM 3B taken fall 2026 or later will satisfy this requirement as it is inclusive of lab curriculum. If taken prior to fall 2026, students must also have completed CHEM 3BL.
Plus one of the following courses:
Plus the following course:
| ENVS 25 | Environmental Politics, Economics and Justice | 5 |
Plus one of the following courses:
The math requirement may be satisfied by taking one of the classes below, or by testing out via AP score or ALEKS math placement.
| AM 3 | Precalculus for the Social Sciences | 5 |
| AM 11A | Mathematical Methods for Economists I | 5 |
| AM 11B | Mathematical Methods for Economists II | 5 |
| MATH 3 | Precalculus | 5 |
| MATH 11A | Calculus with Applications | 5 |
| MATH 16A | Mathematics for Life Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 19A | Calculus for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics | 5 |
May also be satisfied with a score of 3 or higher on the AP Calculus exam or a score of 300 or higher on the ALEKS Math Placement Exam.
Plus one of these statistics series:
| | Either these courses | |
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
| | or these courses | |
| STAT 17 | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics | 5 |
| STAT 17L | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics Laboratory | 2 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| ANTH 2 | Introduction to Cultural Anthropology | 5 |
| ENVS 26 | Culture and the Environment | 5 |
| SOCY 1 | Introduction to Sociology | 5 |
| SOCY 10 | Issues and Problems in American Society | 5 |
| SOCY 15 | World Society | 5 |
Upper-Division Courses
Students are required to complete the following upper-division courses:
Both of the following courses:
ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L are offered twice yearly during the winter and spring quarters.
Plus four of the following environmental justice electives:
| ENVS 130B
/LGST 130B
| Justice and Sustainability in Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 140
/LGST 140E
| National Environmental Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 143 | The Future of Sustainable Development | 5 |
| ENVS 144
/POLI 179
| Global Climate Change Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 147 | Global Environmental Justice | 5 |
| ENVS 152
/POLI 170
| International Environmental Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 154 | Amazonian Cultures and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 158 | Political Ecology and Social Change | 5 |
| ENVS 172 | Environmental Risks and Public Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 173 | An Introduction to World Environmental History | 5 |
| ENVS 174 | Gender and the Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 176 | Vulnerability, Complex Systems, and Disasters | 5 |
| ENVS 178 | Race and the Environment | 5 |
| JRLC 135 | Apprenticeship in Community Engaged Research | 5 |
| SOCY 185 | Environmental Inequality | 5 |
Plus three additional upper-division electives:
Students take three, 5-credit or more upper-division electives from ENVS 101-179, ENVS 183A, ENVS 195A. Students cannot take both ENVS 183A and ENVS 195A. Lecture/lab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture. Among those four courses, at least one course must be from the list below of courses based in the natural sciences.
A list of all courses offered by the Environmental Studies Department is available in the courses section of the catalog. A list of which upper-division courses offered in the current year by the Environmental Studies Department are based in the natural sciences and which in the social sciences is available on the department website.
Natural sciences
Lecture/Lab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture.
| ENVS 104A | Introduction to Environmental Field Methods | 2 |
| ENVS 104L | Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 106A | Natural History of Birds | 5 |
| ENVS 107A | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Plants and the Physical Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 107B | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife | 5 |
| ENVS 107C | Natural History Field Quarter: Perspectives on CA Ecosystem Management | 5 |
| ENVS 108 | General Entomology | 5 |
| ENVS 108L | General Entomology Laboratory | 3 |
| BIOE 151A | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods | 5 |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| BIOE 151C | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Functions and Processes of Terrestrial Ecosystems | 5 |
| BIOE 151D | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Conservation in Practice | 5 |
| ENVS 120 | Conservation Biology | 5 |
| ENVS 122 | Tropical Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 123 | Animal Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 130A | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture | 5 |
| ENVS 130L | Agroecology and Sustainable Agriculture Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 130C | Field Experiences in Agroecology and Sustainable Food | 5 |
| ENVS 131 | Insect Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 135 | Sustainable Aquaculture | 5 |
| ENVS 133 | Agroecology Practicum | 5 |
| ENVS 142 | Sustainable Energy | 5 |
| ENVS 160 | Restoration Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 161A | Soils as Living Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 162 | Plant Physiological Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 162L | Plant Physiological Ecology Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 163L | Plant Disease Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 163 | Plant Disease Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 164 | Projects and Practices in Soil Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 166 | Agroecosystem Analysis and Watershed Management | 5 |
| ENVS 167 | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 167L | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology Lab | 2 |
| ENVS 168 | Biogeochemistry and the Global Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 169 | Climate Change Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 170 | Agriculture and Climate Change | 5 |
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. A primary goal of the environmental studies major is to train students who are able to critically analyze interdisciplinary environmental problems, justify their position on an issue, and communicate that position to a range of audiences verbally and in writing.
The DC requirement in environmental studies is satisfied by completing
Plus one of the following:
ENVS 183B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 195A.
NRS/ENVS 188 or NRS/BIOL 188 (California Ecology and Conservation course), taken spring 2023 or later, will satisfy 1/2 DC credit. For more information about this course contact an ENVS undergraduate advisor or email envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
Comprehensive Requirement
The senior comprehensive may be satisfied by completing one of the options listed below. All courses used to satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement must be taken for a letter grade. The topic engaged in the senior comprehensive courses must be relevant to the field of global environmental justice.
Before enrolling in the senior thesis or senior internship option, students must formally apply to work with a particular faculty mentor very early in their thesis or project preparation. The senior thesis and senior internship options require careful planning, additional independent research, and at least a two-quarter commitment.
| | Either these courses | |
| ENVS 183A | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 190 | Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 195A | Senior Research | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196 | Senior Seminar | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
Planners
Academic Planners for this and all majors can be found at programmaps.ucsc.edu.
Conservation Science and Policy Concentration
Course Requirements
Continuing students are required to complete all six lower-division courses before taking ENVS 100 and ENVS 100L. See the course descriptions for more specific information. Some courses may be satisfied via exam credit.
Lower-Division Courses
One of the following courses:
| | Either this course | |
| ENVS 23 | The Physical and Chemical Environment | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 3A | General Chemistry | 5 |
| CHEM 3B | General Chemistry | 7 |
| | or these courses | |
| CHEM 4A | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4AL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
| CHEM 4B | Advanced General Chemistry: Molecular Structure and Reactivity | 5 |
| CHEM 4BL | Advanced General Chemistry Lab | 2 |
CHEM 3B taken fall 2026 or later will satisfy this requirement as it is inclusive of lab curriculum. If taken prior to fall 2026, students must also have completed CHEM 3BL.
Plus one of the following courses:
Plus the following course:
| ENVS 25 | Environmental Politics, Economics and Justice | 5 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| AM 3 | Precalculus for the Social Sciences | 5 |
| AM 11A | Mathematical Methods for Economists I | 5 |
| AM 11B | Mathematical Methods for Economists II | 5 |
| MATH 3 | Precalculus | 5 |
| MATH 11A | Calculus with Applications | 5 |
| MATH 16A | Mathematics for Life Sciences | 5 |
| MATH 19A | Calculus for Science, Engineering, and Mathematics | 5 |
May also be satisfied with a score of 3 or higher on the AP Calculus exam or a score of 300 or higher on the ALEKS Math Placement Exam.
Plus one of these statistics series:
| | Either these courses | |
| STAT 7 | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences | 5 |
| STAT 7L | Statistical Methods for the Biological, Environmental, and Health Sciences Laboratory | 2 |
| | or these courses | |
| STAT 17 | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics | 5 |
| STAT 17L | Statistical Methods for Business and Economics Laboratory | 2 |
Plus one of the following courses:
| ANTH 2 | Introduction to Cultural Anthropology | 5 |
| ENVS 26 | Culture and the Environment | 5 |
| SOCY 1 | Introduction to Sociology | 5 |
| SOCY 10 | Issues and Problems in American Society | 5 |
| SOCY 15 | World Society | 5 |
Upper-Division Courses
Students are required to complete the following upper-division courses:
Both of the following:
ENVS 100 and 100L are offered twice yearly, during the winter and spring quarters.
Plus one of the following:
Plus one of the following:
| ENVS 140
/LGST 140E
| National Environmental Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 150
/LGST 150A
| Coastal and Marine Policy | 5 |
Plus two of the following CSP electives:
No duplicate courses from lists above.
Lecture/lab combinations count as a single course.
| ENVS 110 | Institutions, the Environment, and Economic Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 115A | Geographic Information Systems and Environmental Applications | 5 |
| ENVS 115L | Exercises in Geographic Information Systems | 2 |
| ENVS 115B | Intermediate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
| ENVS 120 | Conservation Biology | 5 |
| ENVS 122 | Tropical Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 123 | Animal Ecology and Conservation | 5 |
| ENVS 140
/LGST 140E
| National Environmental Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 141 | Ecological Economics | 5 |
| ENVS 149
/LGST 149
| Environmental Law and Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 150
/LGST 150A
| Coastal and Marine Policy | 5 |
| ENVS 151
/LGST 151A
| Environmental Assessment | 5 |
| ENVS 160 | Restoration Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 165
/LGST 165A
| Sustainable Water Systems | 5 |
| ENVS 167 | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 106A | Natural History of Birds | 5 |
| ENVS 108 | General Entomology | 5 |
| ENVS 152
/POLI 170
| International Environmental Politics | 5 |
| ENVS 154 | Amazonian Cultures and Conservation | 5 |
Field course
One of the following options:
Lecture/Lab combinations count as one course. If a lecture has a lab offered (required or optional), the lab must be taken to count for this requirement.
One of the following field courses:
| ENVS 104A | Introduction to Environmental Field Methods | 2 |
| ENVS 104L | Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 106A | Natural History of Birds | 5 |
| ENVS 106M | Natural History of Birds Laboratory | 2 |
| ENVS 107A | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Plants and the Physical Environment | 5 |
| ENVS 107B | Natural History Field Quarter: CA Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife | 5 |
| ENVS 107C | Natural History Field Quarter: Perspectives on CA Ecosystem Management | 5 |
| ENVS 108 | General Entomology | 5 |
| ENVS 108L | General Entomology Laboratory | 3 |
| ENVS 167 | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology | 5 |
| ENVS 167L | Freshwater and Wetland Ecology Lab | 2 |
| BIOE 151A | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods | 5 |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| BIOE 151C | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Functions and Processes of Terrestrial Ecosystems | 5 |
| BIOE 151D | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Conservation in Practice | 5 |
| BIOE 112 | Ornithology | 5 |
| BIOE 112L | Ornithology Field Studies | 2 |
| BIOE 114 | Herpetology | 5 |
| BIOE 114L | Field Methods in Herpetological Research | 2 |
| BIOE 117 | Systematic Botany of Flowering Plants | 5 |
| BIOE 117L | Systematic Botany of Flowering Plants Laboratory | 2 |
| BIOE 124 | Mammalogy | 5 |
| BIOE 124L | Mammalogy Laboratory | 2 |
| BIOE 128L | Large Marine Vertebrates Field Course | 7 |
| BIOE 141L | Behavioral Ecology Field Course | 7 |
| BIOE 150 | Ecological Field Methods | 5 |
| BIOE 150L | Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| BIOE 161 | Kelp Forest Ecology | 5 |
| BIOE 161L | Kelp Forest Ecology Laboratory | 5 |
| EART 189A | Tectonics of the North American Cordillera | 3 |
| BIOE 163 | Ecology of Reefs, Mangroves, and Seagrasses | 5 |
| BIOE 163L | Ecology of Reefs, Mangroves, and Seagrasses Laboratory | 2 |
Or the CEC field course
Or the California Ecology and Conservation (CEC) field course through the University of California Natural Reserve System (XENV 188).
Electives
Students take two, 5-credit or more upper-division electives from ENVS 101-179, ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195A. Students cannot take both ENVS 183A and ENVS 195A. Lecture/lNab combinations count as one course. Associated labs are required only when required by the lecture.
A list of all courses offered by the Environmental Studies Department is available in the courses section of the catalog.
Disciplinary Communication (DC) Requirement
Students of every major must satisfy that major's upper-division Disciplinary Communication (DC) requirement. A primary goal of the environmental studies major is to train students who are able to critically analyze interdisciplinary environmental problems, justify their position on an issue, and communicate that position to a range of audiences verbally and in writing.
The DC requirement in environmental studies is satisfied by completing
Plus one of the following:
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 190 | Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| ENVS 196 | Senior Seminar | 5 |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
ENVS 183B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 183A, and ENVS 195B is taken after successfully completing ENVS 195A.
NRS/ENVS 188 or NRS/BIOL 188 (California Ecology and Conservation course), taken spring 2023 or later, will satisfy 1/2 DC credit. For more information about this course contact an ENVS undergraduate advisor or email envsadvi@ucsc.edu.
Comprehensive Requirement
The senior comprehensive may be satisfied by completing one of the options listed below. All courses used to satisfy the senior comprehensive requirement must be taken for a letter grade. The topic engaged in senior comprehensive courses must be relevant to the field of conservation science and policy. The relevance of the topic will be reviewed by the instructor of the senior comprehensive course.
Before enrolling in the senior thesis or senior internship option, students must formally apply to work with a particular faculty mentor very early in their thesis or project preparation. These courses require careful planning, additional independent research, and at least a two-quarter commitment.
| | Either this course | |
| BIOE 151B | Ecology and Conservation in Practice Supercourse: Ecological Field Methods Laboratory | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 183A | Senior Internship | 5 |
| ENVS 183B | Senior Internship | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 190 | Capstone Course: Environmental Problem Solving | 5 |
| | or these courses | |
| ENVS 195A | Senior Research | 5 |
| ENVS 195B | Senior Thesis Group | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196 | Senior Seminar | 5 |
| | or this course | |
| ENVS 196G | Senior Seminar in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) | 5 |
Planners
Academic Planners for this and all majors can be found at programmaps.ucsc.edu.